|
Mount Eden Prisons consists of two separate facilities in the Auckland, New Zealand suburb of Mount Eden—the Mount Eden Prison and the Mount Eden Corrections Facility. The historic prison has housed prisoners since 1888 and its design and functionality are outdated and the deteriorating condition of the buildings makes it difficult to keep prisoners securely and humanely contained. In 2008 a decision was made to redevelop the site and create a single integrated prison called the Mount Eden Corrections Facility. The Department of Corrections says that when the new facility is fully operational, the historic prison will be emptied and "mothballed" in case extra prison capacity is required in future.〔(Mount Eden Corrections Facility Redevelopment ), Corrections Department Factsheet〕 == History == The original Mount Eden prison was a military stockade built in 1856. It became Auckland's main prison when the old city gaol on the corner of Queen and Victoria Streets was demolished in 1865. The stone wall and the foundations were completed in 1872, the building proper was commenced in 1882 and finished in 1917. Intended to house 220 prisoners, it was designed by Pierre Finch Martineau Burrows and resembles Dartmoor Prison in England. Its design was based on prevailing thinking at the time that such facilities should be unpleasant places to be dreaded〔(History of Mt Eden ), Corrections Department website.〕 and consisted of a radial design with wings radiating from the centre like the spokes of a wheel. This allowed for control from the centre and "a new mode of obtaining power of mind over mind",〔Bentham, Jeremy. Panopticon (Preface). In Miran Bozovic (ed.), The Panopticon Writings, London: Verso, 1995, 29-95.〕 an application of the panopticon prison design theories of Jeremy Bentham. The prison has a colourful history. Prisoners were executed there and it was the site of New Zealand's last execution, in 1957 when Walter James Bolton was hanged for poisoning his wife Beatrice.〔 There were few escapes but a song was written about one famous escaper, George Wilder. In 1963, he escaped and was free for 172 days, during which time he travelled and committed 40 crimes. Pat Boone's song 'Speedy Gonzales' was rewritten by the Howard Morrison Quartet and became "George The Wilder Colonial Boy".〔(The Howard Morrison Quartet ) (from the 'folksong.org.nz' website. Retrieved 2007-10-20.)〕 There was a major riot on 20 and 21 July 1965. Prisoners rioted for 33 hours after a prison guard caught two prisoners trying to escape. Chaos ensued as prisoners burnt much of the prison, including the prison records〔(Auckland City Libraries, Heritage Image 7-A2108 (retrieved 9 June 2011) (Photograph taken 2 September 1965 - unknown photographer) Mt Prison Prison some two months after the riot and fire - the damage to the buildings is very evident. )〕 The riot was a sensational event for the pupils and staff of the two neighbouring boys' secondary schools, Auckland Grammar School and St Peter's College.〔''(The Auckland Prison Riot, 1965 )'' (from the Te Ara Encyclopedia of New Zealand. Retrieved 2007-11-10.)〕〔''Go-ahead for new Mt Eden jail'' - ''The New Zealand Herald'', Friday 15 June 2007, Section A, page 2.〕〔''Fifty Years at Grammar or Tales Out Of School'' - Nicholls, C. N. ("Streak"), ESA Books, 1987, Page 218〕 The old prison has been given a "Category I" classification by the New Zealand Historic Places Trust. 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Mount Eden Prisons」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
|